JLMM agrees the campaign by JANIC (Japan NGO Center for International Cooperation) "Reduce by half the world's poverty. MDGs2015" which is to promote and educate about MDGs (Millennium Development Goals) and has been working on the projects as a member.
We start the serial article "Know more about MDGs" to help you to understand MDGs through JLMM activities.
What is MDGs?
MDGs stands for Millennium Development Goals and it is the world's promise to achieve the goals such as to reduce by half the world's poverty by 2015.
In September, 2000 the Millennium Declaration was unanimously adopted by 189 UN member states. In the declaration the international society announced to work on the challenges together to build the prosperous and fair world with peace and to end the poverty.
There are eight numerical targets to be achieved by 2015.
Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education
Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women
Goal 4: Reduce child mortality
Goal 5: Improve maternal health
Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability
Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development
Detailed and concrete targets are set for each goal.
Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
Target 1-A: Reduce by half the proportion of people living on less than a dollar a day
Target 1-B: Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people
Target 1-C: Reduce by half the proportion of people who suffer from hunger
Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education
Target 2-A: Ensure that all boys and girls complete a full course of primary schooling
Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women
Target 3A: Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education preferably by 2005, and at all levels by 2015
Goal 4: Reduce child mortality
Target 4A: Reduce by two thirds the mortality rate among children under five
Goal 5: Improve maternal health
Target 5A: Reduce by three quarters the maternal mortality ratio
Target 5B: Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health*
*) Reproductive health
Within the framework of WHO's definition of health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, reproductive health, or sexual health/hygiene, addresses the reproductive processes, functions and system at all stages of life.
Reproductive health, therefore, implies that people are able to have a responsible, satisfying and safer sex life and that they have the capability to reproduce and the freedom to decide if, when and how often to do so. Implicit in this are the right of men and women to be informed of and to have access to safe, effective, affordable and acceptable methods of birth control of their choice; and the right of access to appropriate health care services that will enable women to go safely through pregnancy and childbirth and provide couples with the best chance of having a healthy infant.
Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
Target 6A: Halt and begin to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS
Target 6B: Achieve, by 2010, universal access to treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those who need it
Target 6C: Halt and begin to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases
Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability
Target 7A: Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programs; reverse loss of environmental resources
Target 7B: Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a significant reduction in the rate of loss
Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development
Target 8A: Develop further an open, rule-based, predictable, non-discriminatory trading and financial system
Includes a commitment to good governance, development and poverty reduction; both nationally and internationally
Target 8B: Address the special needs of the least developed countries
Includes tariff and quota free access for the least developed countries' exports; enhanced program of debt relief for heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) and cancellation of official bilateral debt; and more generous ODA for countries committed to poverty reduction
Target 8C: Address the special needs of landlocked developing countries and small island developing States through the Program of Action for the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States and the outcome of the twenty-second special session of the General Assembly
Target 8D: Deal comprehensively with the debt problems of developing countries through national and international measures in order to make debt sustainable in the long term
Target 8E: In cooperation with pharmaceutical companies, provide access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries
Target 8F: In cooperation with the private sector, make available the benefits of new technologies, especially information and communications.
